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WSM: Practical Training Phase 1

 
PRACTICAL FLIGHT TRAINING FOR NPL
WEIGHT SHIFT CONTROLLED MICROLIGHTS  
 
You can expect the syllabus set by flight schools to differ in respect of the implementation of the requirements.
 
However, the following is offered as a guide to prospective student pilots on what they will cover in their training.
 
The practical flight training syllabus set out below is broken up into 5 phases. The is to train a student pilot  to the level of proficiency required for the issue of a type rating for light sport weight shift controlled microlights, and to provide the training necessary to act as pilot-in-command of any light sport weight shift controlled microlight for which he or she holds a valid class or type rating, engaged in non-revenue flights under visual flight rules.
 
Each lesson will be repeated until a satisfactory level is obtained.  These lessons are set out as follows:
 
Phase 1:
Lesson 1:        Exercise 1 – 3             Air experience
Lesson 2:        Exercise 4 & 5:            Effects of controls and taxiing
Lesson 3:        Exercise 6:                  Straight and level
 
Phase 2:
Lesson 4:        Exercise 7 & 8:            Climbing and descending
Lesson 5:        Exercise 9:                  Turning
Lesson 6:        Exercise 10A & B:       Slow flight and stalling
Lesson 7:        Exercise 12 & 13:       Initial Circuits
Lesson 8:        Exercise 12 & 13:        Advanced Circuits
 
Phase 3:
Lesson 9:        Exercise 12 & 13:        Cross wind circuits and landings
Lesson 10:      Exercises 1E, 5E, 12E & 13E:  Circuit emergencies
Lesson 11:      Exercise 12 & 13:        Check ride to first solo
Lesson 12:      Exercise 14:                First Solo
Lesson 13:                  Exercise 12 & 13:        Solo circuits
 
Phase 4:
Lesson 14:      Exercise 15:                Advanced turning
Lesson 15:      Exercise 16:                Forced landing without power
Lesson 16:      Exercise 17A:              Low level flying
Lesson 17:      Exercise 17B:              Precautionary landing
 
Phase 5:
Lesson 18:      Exercise 18A:              Navigation – dual
Lesson 19:      Exercise 18A, B & C:   Navigation with problems and GPS - dual
Lesson 20:      Exercise 18A:              Navigation – solo
Lesson 21:      Exercise 19:                Basic instrument flight
 
Phase 6:
Lesson 22:      Flight test prep
Lesson 23:      NPL flight test
Lesson 24:      NPL test – NAV
 
                  

Phase 1:
Lesson 1
Exercise 1 – 3 Air experience
  • Briefing:
    • Familiarisation with the component parts, controls and system of the weight shift controlled microlight.
    • How to prepare the aircraft and pilot for flight, and how to leave the aircraft after flight. 
  • Exercise:
  • Explanation of the microlight weight shift controlled microlight
  • Cockpit layout
  • Systems
  • Check lists, drills, controls; and emergency drills, consisting of –
    • (a) action in the event of fire on the ground and in the air;
    • (b) equipment or  system failures; and
    •  (c) escape drills.
  • Local rules
  • Flight authorisation and microlight weight shift controlled microlight acceptance
  • Serviceability documents
  • Required equipment, maps, etc.
  • External checks
  • Internal checks
  • Seat, harness and controls adjustment
  • Starting and warming-up checks including safety, people, animals, aircraft and airlaw
  • Seating position – suitable clothing
  • Starting and warming-up checks
  • Power checks
  • Running down and switching off of engine
  • Parking, security and picketing
  • Completion of authorisation and flight folio sheets
  • Rules:
    • Sign the school rules join MISASA and agree to abide by the requirements of the MISASA constitution
    • Understand the privileges of being a student pilot and the need for punctuality

Lesson 2:
Exercise 4 & 5:
Effects of controls and taxiing
 
  • Briefing:
    •  Taxiing and effects of controls; ailerons, rudder, flap, trim, power
 
  • Exercise: 
    • Taxiing:           
      •  Pre-taxi checks, initiating the taxi, speed control, use of brakes, position of stick in the taxi, engine handling, control of direction and turning, effects of wind and use of flying controls, marshalling signals, wing control including wing tilting in confined spaces, effects of wind and control of wind, airmanship (wing tip, prop blast awareness)​ 

  • Primary and secondary effects of bar movement backwards and forwards
  • Primary and secondary effects of bar movement left and right (roll)
  • Primary and secondary effects of thrust
  • Effects of the following on wing controllability:
    •   Airspeed
    •   Power changes
    •   Combination of thrust and pitch for instant attitude change
    •   Effect of change in weight​
  • Methods of assessing aircraft attitude
  • Aircraft systems: 
    • The ignition system.  Why a dead cut cannot be done at high RPM and only at idle.  What is max and min mag drop of your aircraft? What causes a mag drop?
  • Safety: 
    • Introduction of the unmanned joining procedure at Hoedspruit Civil if the tower is closed.
 
  • Checklist and its use:
    •   Purpose: only as an aid after the check has been done to confirm it has been done.  For the lesson the instructor is to teach before start and start up.  Rest of checks are for demonstration only.
 

Lesson 3:
Exercise 6:
Straight and level
 
  • Briefing:
    • Theory of straight and level flight
  • Air Exercise:
    •    To attain and maintain flight in a straight line and at a constant altitude    
      • At normal cruising power, attaining and maintaining straight and level flight;
      • Flight at critically high airspeeds;
      • Demonstration of inherent stability;
      • Control in pitch
      • Demonstrate pitch/bank bar movement to counter turbulence
      • At selected airspeeds (use of power);
      • During speed changes;
      • Use of instruments for precision;
      • Airmanship.
  • Safety:  
    • Introduction of FREDA checks

 

  • Aircraft system:

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